TaiwanTonguesApiRobot：從 JSON 檔案批量匯入

2025-08-22T09:09:09Z

從 JSON 檔案批量匯入

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'''約翰斯・霍普金斯'''（英語：'''Johns Hopkins'''，一七九五年五月十九—一八七三年十二月二四），美國富商佮慈善家。其名中的「約翰斯」（Johns）替其阿祖的姓，毋是英語定定看著的 John。今有以其號名的約翰斯・霍普金斯大學佮約翰斯・霍普金斯病院。

==家族==

霍普金斯家族早年憑藉薰草種作佮航運起家，為馬里蘭州早期的大奴隸主。十八世紀尾，霍普金斯家族作為虔誠的教友派教徒加入廢奴主義的陣營，大量的烏奴得著自由，毋過嘛致使莊園嚴重的跤手短缺，家世漸漸衰敗。

==財富累積==

約翰斯・霍普金斯十二歲停學，捌先後種過薰草佮佇𥴊仔店做過學師仔。二十四歲的時，伊佮人公司開辦一間貿易公司，並且由此點露其出擢的商業才會當。歷史上關於霍普金斯早年商業活動的記載甚少。有人認為伊通過分裝走私威士忌到象牙海岸等等地套利，但是這一講法佇咧歷史學家內底存在爭議。佇得著一系列商業成功了後，伊共資本沓沓仔轉移到銀行業佮彼當時新興的鐵路運營。伊敏銳地察感覺講，彼陣做為美國第一大港的巴爾的摩港已經無法度滿足增加的貿易需求。伊講巴爾的摩市政府採納著伊的港區重建計劃，並且佇咧彼當陣大部份的人攏無看好的情形下，興建自巴爾的摩至俄亥俄的鐵路（B & O Railroad）。霍普金斯一生中的投資決定強欲無出現失覺察。遮的投資終其尾有非常的回報，其實個人財富佇一八六空年前後達到巔峰。

==慈善==

約翰斯・霍普金斯幼年所受的教育予伊佇成年後成做強烈的廢奴主義者。佇南北戰爭中，伊支持北軍，即林肯領導的聯邦政府。親目看著馬里蘭戰役的慘烈予伊發生了創建一間病院的念頭，嘛是日後伊將遺產創辦霍普金斯病院的原因之一。伊一歲訂立遺吩咐講，共遺產中的七百萬美金（依照物價指數，約折合二空一空年的二十八億美金）等分做兩份，留以後日後建立一所研究型大學和一所病院。

一八七三年，約翰斯・霍普金斯佇巴爾的摩病逝，終生未婚。遵照其遺吩，以其號名的約翰斯・霍普金斯大學佮約翰斯・霍普金斯病院一八七六年佮一八七八年先後建立。

===號名佮被事===

Johns 這一拼法極其實無去看著，就算以英語做母語者嘛定定會佮 _ John _（約翰）透濫。Johns 這一罕得看著的名來自約翰斯・霍普金斯的阿祖瑪格麗特・約翰斯（Margaret Johns）的姓。這个姓予人霍普金斯家族作為名傳承落來。

==參考資料==

==外部連結==

* Genealogical Records on Marylanders
* Thom and Jacob discuss his love for his cousin and Quaker traditions
* In his 一千八十七 memoir , Baltimore and the Nineteenth of April , 一千八百六十一 : A Study of the War , George William Brown cites Johns Hopkins as a wealthy Union man in Baltimore , a city with strong Confederate and Southern leanings
* In The Chronicles of Baltimore : Being a Complete History of " Baltimore Town " and Baltimore City from the Earliest Period to the Present Time published in 一千八百七十四 , John Thomas Scharf cited the 一千八百七十三 instruction letter to the hospital trustees and a city council resolution thanking Johns Hopkins for his philanthropy . Thom's biography and New York and Maryland newspapers were sources that published parts or all of this letter
* The Institutional Records of The Johns Hopkins Hospital Colored Orphan Asylum
* Abstract Johns Hopkins Dream for a Model of its Kind : The JHH Colored Orphans Asylum " , 兩千 Conference International Society for the History of Medicine BY Dr . P . Reynolds
* Grave site of Johns Hopkins
* Graveside ceremony for Johns Hopkins
* Baltimore and the Nineteenth of April , 一千八百六十一 : A Study of the War , the memoir of George William Brown then the mayor of Baltimore city , later a member of the university board of trustees of the Johns Hopkins University
* The Chronicles of Baltimore : Being a Complete History of " Baltimore Town " and Baltimore City from the Earliest Period to the Present Time published in 一千八百七十四 by John Thomas Scharf
* " If He Could See Us Now : Mr . Johns Hopkins'Legacy Strong University , Hospital Benefactor Turned 兩百 on May 十九 , 一千九百九十五 " , Mike Field , the author , contradicts this statement
* Chronology , Nursing school
* The Institutional Records of The Johns Hopkins Hospital Colored Orphan
* Abstract Johns Hopkins Dream for a Model of its Kind : The JHH Colored Orphans Asylum " By Dr . P . Reynolds
* " If He Could See Us Now : Mr . Johns Hopkins'Legacy Strong University , Hospital Benefactor Turned 兩百 on May 十九 , 一千九百九十五 " by Mike Field a writer for the Johns Hopkins Gazette . Field , Thom , and Jacob called Johns Hopkins an abolitionist . See also The Racial Record of Johns Hopkins University in the Journal of Blacks in Higher Education , No . 二十五 , Autumn , 一千九百九十九 , pp . 四十二孵四十三 / JSTOR
* Johns Hopkins , Maryland State Archives
* " The History of African Americans @ Johns Hopkins University " See in particular the chronology and the paper by Danton Rodriguez .

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約翰斯·霍普金斯 - 修訂紀錄

TaiwanTonguesApiRobot：​從 JSON 檔案批量匯入

TaiwanTonguesApiRobot：從 JSON 檔案批量匯入