鋸角毛偷剪
鋸角毛偷剪(學名:_ Lasioderma serricorne _), 俗稱薰龜仔(英語:cigarette beetle、cigar beetle 抑是 tobacco beetle), 為著毛偷剪屬於的一个物種。毛竊剪屬原為標本甲科(Anobiidae)的成員,今仔日是改屬線線包。是貯食品當中捷看著的有害生物。全世界有廣泛的分佈,定定看著焦料內底,以焦燥以後的動物質(比如講:毛皮、薰草等等)為食。
形態描述
本物種體長只有二–三 mm,棕色。會當飛行,壽命兩禮拜到六禮拜,成蟲以後袂食。 就算講本物種俗稱做「薰龜仔」,毋但本物種毋但出現佇薰草類產品佮其半製作品內面,嘛看著植物油的油子、穀物、乾果、藥仔用鼠尾草、麵粉佮部份動物製品內底。母蟲逐改生卵數量大約一百隻。蟲卵孵出來就以生卵佇物質為食。整個性命週期佇三十七攝氏度的環境只需要二十六工完成;啊若二十攝氏度的環境著愛百二十工。本物種袂耐冷,佇四攝氏度的環境,成蟲會佇六工內死亡;若蟲卵佇咧零–五 °C 的環境會蹛五工了後死亡。
龜仔體內面帶有把生酵母 _ Symbiotaphrina kochii _,這款共生酵母會佇生卵的時陣附在卵的表面,做蟲卵孵出來了後共生酵母會予囝兒序細紮入去體內,然後到成蟲了後收佇咧體內一个連接至其腸臟的特別器官 mycetome 之內 The yeast cells assist in the digestion of less nutritious foods , supply needed B-vitamins and sterols , and provide resistance to certain toxins .。
Control in commercial / industrial settings
Insect monitoring traps are available for _ L . serricorne _ , which contain specific 批評 to attract male beetles , and help detect and monitor infestations . Infested bulk tobacco in the form of bales or hogsheads can be fumigated using 彼掩甲烷 or 磷化氫 .
Dosage rates and treatment times with methyl bromide are 二十 grams / m 三 at 二十一 °C above and 三十二 grams / m 三 for 四十八–七十二 hours at 七–二十 °C . Methyl bromide is not recommended for 雪茄 tobacco since it can produce off odours in the product .
With phosphine dosage rates are one gram of phosphine ( equivalent to a 三-gram table ) per m 三 for 五 days at 十二–十五 °C and 四 days at 十六–二十 °C and 三 days above 二十 °C .
For localised or household-level infestations the preferred control measure is to find the infested product , dispose of it , and treat around the area with a residual insecticide such as 氯姬菊 to kill off any remaining beetles .
參考文獻
外部連結
- What is the Tobacco Beetle ?
- Cornell Cooperative Extension Fact Sheet
- cigarette beetle on the 佛羅里達大學 / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
- ZinRus High resolution photo